home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- HEALTH, Page 80Chubby? Blame Those Genes
-
-
- Heredity plays the pivotal role in weight control
-
-
- It has long been clear that people's weight is determined
- by a balance of heredity and life-style. But which exerts the
- heavier effect? Two reports in last week's New England Journal
- of Medicine tip the scales firmly toward genetic makeup.
-
- In one investigation, researchers from the U.S. and Sweden
- analyzed weight and height records from the Swedish
- Adoption/Twin Study of Aging. Reviewing data on 247 identical
- and 426 fraternal pairs of twins, the team found that siblings
- end up with similar body weights whether or not they are raised
- in different families, and that they are much more likely to
- grow up looking like their natural parents than their adoptive
- ones. "If both biologic parents are fat, about 80% of their
- kids are going to be fat," says Dr. Albert Stunkard of the
- University of Pennsylvania.
-
- In a separate study, Canadian researchers fed twelve pairs
- of identical twins 1,000 calories above their normal daily
- intake for 84 days out of a 100-day period. Weight gains ranged
- from 4 kg to 13 kg (9 lbs. to 29 lbs.). But the difference in
- the amount gained was much less between twins than between
- subjects who were not siblings. Concludes Claude Bouchard, a
- professor of exercise physics at Quebec's Laval University: "It
- seems genes have something to do with the amount you gain when
- you are overfed." Some sets of twins transformed the extra
- calories into mostly fat, while others converted them into lean
- muscle.
-
- Some unsuccessful dieters may find vindication in these
- findings. "The results take obesity out of being a moral
- problem -- that obese people have a lack of willpower -- and
- put it more in the realm of metabolism," observes Dr. Theodore
- VanItallie of Columbia University's College of Physicians and
- Surgeons. But this evidence could also lead to despair. If
- people are born to be fat, are attempts to slim down doomed?
- No, say weight specialists. Low-fat diets and exercise can help
- offset heredity. People may inherit a propensity to obesity,
- but it need not be their destiny.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-